WELL, MIS, ILL  
 
 
                      It is shown in the article 'groups' that many things (or is it all things?)  in the universe are  formed or united in groups. Group formation happens in atoms, elements, plants, animals and among humans due to different causes. (See  last paragraph in 'groups'  for some examples.) If  groups form without violating fundamental laws of nature, evolution, life, family, society etc., they would produce useful qualities and products benefiting the individuals/members of the groups. If groups are constituted wrongly or by force violating basics, they are not going to last long and the short-term benefits can be sectarian. Once constituted and organized, performance and progress of groups depend on ways the groups are managed;  well managed, mismanaged or ill-managed.
 
                      Leave aside inorganic groups of  atoms and elements wherein only natural forces come into play. Groups of families are for the natural reason of reproduction for genetical progression. For the present, consider only groups formed by humans for purposes of acquiring property, wealth, security, comforts etc. It is stated elsewhere (Limits of Wealth, 3-rd paragraph ) that wealth accumulation always needs a group of persons united and organized by different ways. See the case of a rich landlord. A landless farm worker tries to become a landholder farmer , then a rich farmer and later a landlord. All these developments are possible only if the group is well managed for decades or generations. If the land acquiring group is mismanaged with haphazard coordination and control, property and wealth can be lost. Similarly with ill-management, land can be left idle, sold out or taken over by others. Take the case of a manufacturing company. The company is organized as a  working unit with different groups and grades within groups. Each group has many  junior workers, seniors and a head. All the heads of groups are organized into a management group with a director or chief executive officer. Now manage the company  WELL to achieve planned productions, if  MISmanaged the functional grouping and grading fail, productions reduce and finally losses prevail. If  ILL-managed, the company would run in loss only, finally leading to close-down.
 
                      Consider the cases of institutions of learning, training and higher education, like schools and colleges. If the institutes are organized, monitored and controlled well, the students would excel in their studies and other activities. The institutes would produce mixed results, if mismanaged. With ill-management, indiscipline, disorder, misbehaviour, failures etc. would prevail, instead of producing bright and disciplined students. Institutions of teaching and learning stand at a qualitatively different pedastal due to their activities at basic levels with long term significances. Profiteering interests and undue competitions in these institutions can lead to bad consequences in a wide spectrum of activities.
 
                      Having understood the ill, bad, wrong, destructive and ' mixed bag'  results of ill-management and mismanagement , it is relevant to see the different ways of managing a group well . As stated earlier any group consists of individuals united together for some purposes with a known framework of actions. (See 'groups'  for more details on various types of groups and some of their fundamental features.) Good  management of groups has two components, viz., self-disciplining or self-management of  members at personal level, taking into account  the planned or known activities of the group also and management of the group at  work place by the managing staff.   (See  ' health care'  for some details on self-discipline and related aspects of  profession.)  Normally self-disciplining is left fully to  individuals. But many institutions and companies provide helps through health clubs, hospitals, schools  etc. Monitoring and controlling of different activities at  working or production level needs education/ training and  experience. Good management needs planning, programming, supervising, reviewing and communication abilities.
                      Now come to mega groups like nations,city states and cultures. These mega groups evolved over hundreds or thousands of years. These are made up of a multitude of groups for different purposes related to  families, professions, politics, education, health care etc. Many groups have sub-groups within themselves. Many nations are multi-ethnic or multicultural, for example India. Management of nations  of various types, viz., liberal economies, mixed economies and planned and controlled economies are done by different governments. Within these three main types, different subsets are possible like liberal capitalist, coservative capitalist, traditional/agrarian, socialist, communist, revolutionary governments etc. (See 6-th paragraph in groups for changes in government with people's attitudes in a nation from birth to decay.)
                      Multicultural nations are best managed and administered by governments which give sufficient freedoms to constituent states, territories and tribal areas to carry on with their ways of life, independently without conflicting the federal structure. Administering a tribal economy flourishing far away from the federal capital (of urban economy) by urban ways or by force is contradictory to the federal concept. Another problem in multicultural nations is of aspirations of independence of its constituents. This can be solved by making constitutional provisions for joining or disjoining the federal state, like 10-15 years of notice of joining or disjoining, transition periods for administrative changes and referandums for deciding the type of federal structure.  
                      The most fundamental reason for forming groups is to gain common benefits of security, foods, fertile lands, water, natural resources etc. This is true from coral colonies to human colonies. This can be achieved  only if the group remains united on its common objectives and is well managed. If mismanagement happens due to lack of unity and/or outside influences, common objectives would remain as mirages. Normally  there would exist written rules for quitting a group and dissolution of a group. Some groups get dissolved or members cease to be active when the organizers fail to administer/rule satisfactorily and when the stakes are low. In groups wherein rituals, religious rules and traditions  form the uniting forces, the members should be free to disjoin on their own free will. If this freedom is not available automatically, the group would get further mixed and mismanaged resulting in all types of individuals/members like good, bad, mixed-up, forced, fake etc. ( Click here for a list of quotations on spirituality, science and religion.) In the case of governments wherein the statutes and rules become traditionalised or ritualised-like,  without any reviews or reforms, the citizens become a mixed group of good, bad, law abiding, law breaking, forced, fake etc. (Click here for a list of quotations on nations and politicians.) Here a piece of wisdom is relevant,  " When groping in dark, group and become strong. But when groping in a group, quit and become disciplined and strong". ( Click here for more on self-discipline and health care.)  
 
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